Uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic luyizinto ezigcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-150. Lokhu ketshezi, okufana ne-nitrogen ewuketshezi, i-helium ewuketshezi, kanye ne-oxygen ewuketshezi, kusetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni, zezokwelapha, nezesayensi. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile kanye nokuqapha ngenxa yokushisa kwalo okuphansi kakhulu kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona.
Ukuze ugcine uketshezi oluvela ku-cryogenic ngokuphephile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izitsha ezithile nezindlela zokugcina eziklanyelwe ukubhekana nalezi zindawo zokushisa ezishisayo. Uhlobo olulodwa oluvamile lwesitsha olusetshenziswayoukugcina uketshezi oluyi-cryogeniciyi-dewar efakwe i-vacuum cleaner. Lawa ma-dewar aqukethe isitsha sangaphakathi esibamba uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic, oluzungezwe isitsha sangaphandle esine-vacuum phakathi kwalezi ezimbili. Le vacuum cleaner isebenza njengokuvikela ukugcina uketshezi lusezingeni lokushisa eliphansi futhi ivimbele ukushisa ukuthi kungangeni esitsheni.
Niniukugcina uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic ebhodweni, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitsha sigcinwa endaweni enomoya omuhle ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwanoma iyiphi igesi engase iphele kusukela oketshezini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe izinhlelo zokuthola igesi kanye nokungenisa umoya ukuze kuqashwe futhi kususwe noma iyiphi igesi ephele.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuphatha uketshezi olubangela i-cryogenic ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme izingozi ezingaba khona. Uma ugcwalisa i-dewar ngoketshezi olubangela i-cryogenic, inqubo kufanele yenziwe endaweni enomoya omuhle, futhi kufanele kugqokwe imishini yokuzivikela efanele, njengamagilavu nezibuko zelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokugcwalisa kufanele yenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe abajwayelene nokuphathwa nokugcinwa okufanele koketshezi olubangela i-cryogenic.
Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izitsha ezifanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha, kubalulekile ukulandela iziqondiso ezithile zokugcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi oluyi-cryogenic. Isibonelo, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi, evame ukusetshenziswa emalabhorethri nasezikhungweni zezokwelapha, kufanele igcinwe endaweni enomoya omuhle kude nemithombo yokushisa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina ifakwe amadivayisi okusiza ukucindezela ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kokucindezela ngokweqile esitsheni.
Uma kugcinwa i-helium ewuketshezi, evame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwe-cryogenic kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-superconducting, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yokugcina inomoya omuhle futhi ingenazo izinto ezivuthayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile kwesitsha sokugcina, njengoba i-helium ewuketshezi ingakhula ngokushesha uma ifudunyezwa.
Ukuze kugcinwe umoya-mpilo owuketshezi, osetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nasezimbonini, kumele kulandelwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithile ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo zokufutha umoya. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ibe nomoya omuhle futhi ingabi nezinto ezivuthayo, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwemimoya ecebile ngomoya-mpilo, okungaba yingozi yomlilo.
Ngaphezu kokulandela lezi ziqondiso, kubalulekile ukuhlola nokugcina njalo izitsha zokugcina kanye nemishini esetshenziselwa uketshezi olubangela ukubola. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zomonakalo noma ukuguguleka, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amadivayisi okusiza ukucindezeleka asebenza kahle, kanye nokuqapha amazinga oketshezi olubangela ukubola ezitsheni ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugcwala ngokweqile.
Sekukonke, ukugcina uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela emininingwaneni kanye nokunamathela eziqondisweni zokuphepha ezithile. Ngokusebenzisa izitsha ezifanele, izinqubo zokuphatha, kanye nezindlela zokugcina, izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene noketshezi oluyi-cryogenic zingancishiswa, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuphephile nokusebenzayo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-14-2024
