I-Cryogenic liquids yizinto ezigcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile angaphansi kuka -150 degrees Celsius. Lezi ziphuzo, ezifana nejson.Umugqa njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi, i-helium ewuketshezi, nomoya-mpilo owuketshezi, zisetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zezimboni, zezokwelapha, nezesayensi. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina uketshezi lwe-cryogenic kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona.
Ukugcina uketshezi lwe-cryogenic ngokuphepha, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ezithile nezindlela zokugcina eziklanyelwe ukuphatha lawa mazinga okushisa aphezulu. Olunye uhlobo oluvamile lwesiqukathi esisetshenziselwaukugcina uketshezi lwe-cryogeniciyi-vacuum-insulated dewar. Lawa ma-dewar ahlanganisa umkhumbi wangaphakathi ophethe uketshezi lwe-cryogenic, ozungezwe umkhumbi wangaphandle one-vacuum phakathi kokubili. Le vacuum isebenza njenge-insulation ukugcina uketshezi ekushiseni kwalo okuphansi futhi kuvimbele ukushisa ukuthi kungangeni esitsheni.
Niniukugcina uketshezi lwe-cryogenic ku-dewar, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiqukathi sigcinwa endaweni enomoya omuhle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwanoma iyiphi igesi engase ihwamuke oketshezini. Ukwengeza, indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe amasistimu okuthola igesi kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya ukuze kuqashwe futhi kukhishwe noma iyiphi igesi ehwamukayo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuphatha uketshezi lwe-cryogenic ngokucophelela ukugwema izingozi ezingaba khona. Lapho ugcwalisa i-dewar nge-cryogenic liquid, inqubo kufanele yenziwe endaweni enomoya omuhle, futhi imishini yokuzivikela efanele, njengamagilavu kanye nezibuko, kufanele igqoke. Ukwengeza, inqubo yokugcwalisa kufanele yenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe abajwayele ukuphathwa kahle nokugcinwa kwe-cryogenic liquids.
Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa iziqukathi ezifanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha, kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela ethile yokugcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi lwe-cryogenic. Isibonelo, i-nitrogen eyi-liquid, evame ukusetshenziswa kumalabhorethri nasezikhungweni zokwelapha, kufanele igcinwe endaweni enomoya omuhle kude nemithombo yokuthungela. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina ifakelwe izisetshenziswa zokukhulula ingcindezi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kokucindezela okukhulu esitsheni.
Lapho ugcina i-helium ye-liquid, evame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwe-cryogenic kanye nezicelo ze-superconducting, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yokugcina ingena umoya futhi ingenazo izinto ezivuthayo. Ukwengeza, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuvimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile kwesiqukathi sokugcina, njengoba i-helium ewuketshezi ingakhula ngokushesha lapho ifudumala.
Ukuze kugcinwe i-oksijini ewuketshezi, esetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezokwelapha nezimboni, izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha kufanele zilandelwe ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokuxilisa. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ibe nomoya omuhle futhi ingabi nezinto ezivuthayo, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukunqwabelana komkhathi ocebile umoya-mpilo, okungase kubangele ingozi yomlilo.
Ngaphezu kokulandela lezi ziqondiso, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo nokugcina iziqukathi zokugcina nezinto ezisetshenziselwa uketshezi lwe-cryogenic. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala noma ukuguga, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izisetshenziswa zokukhulula ingcindezi zisebenza kahle, kanye nokuqapha amazinga oketshezi lwe-cryogenic ezitsheni ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugcwaliswa ngokweqile.
Sekukonke, ukugcina uketshezi lwe-cryogenic kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela emininingwaneni kanye nokuhambisana nemihlahlandlela ethile yokuphepha. Ngokusebenzisa iziqukathi ezifanele, izinqubo zokuphatha, nezindlela zokugcina, izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene noketshezi lwe-cryogenic zingancishiswa, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuphephile nokusebenza ngempumelelo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-14-2024
