Iyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya (i-ASU)iyisikhungo esibalulekile sezimboni esidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhishweni kwezingxenye ezinkulu zomkhathi, okungukuthi i-nitrogen, i-oxygen, ne-argon. Inhloso yeyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya ukuhlukanisa lezi zingxenye emoyeni, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezinqubweni nasezicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni.
Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa komoya ibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye ne-elekthronikhi. Izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zomkhathi - i-nitrogen, i-oxygen, kanye ne-argon - zonke ziyigugu ngokwazo futhi zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. I-nitrogen ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonia yomanyolo, kanye nasembonini yokudla neziphuzo zokupakisha nokulondoloza. I-oxygen ibalulekile ngezinjongo zezokwelapha, ukusika insimbi, kanye nokushisela, kuyilapho i-argon isetshenziswa ekushiseleni nasekukhiqizeni insimbi, kanye nasekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.
Inqubo yokuhlukanisa umoya ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwamasu ahlukahlukene njenge-cryogenic distillation, i-pressure swing adsorption, kanye ne-membrane separatement ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zomoya ngokusekelwe ezindaweni zazo zokubila kanye nobukhulu bama-molecule. I-cryogenic distillation iyindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa kumayunithi amakhulu okuhlukanisa umoya, lapho umoya upholiswa khona futhi uncibilikiswe ngaphambi kokuba uhlukaniswe izingxenye zawo.
Amayunithi okuhlukanisa umoyazenzelwe ukukhiqiza i-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu, i-oxygen, kanye ne-argon, bese zincishiswa noma zicindezelwe ukuze zigcinwe futhi zisatshalaliswe. Amandla okukhipha lezi zingxenye emoyeni ngezinga lezimboni abalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zezimboni ezahlukene nokuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuthembekile kwala magesi.
Ngamafuphi, inhloso yeyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya ukukhipha izingxenye eziyinhloko zomkhathi - i-nitrogen, i-oxygen, ne-argon - ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni. Ngokusebenzisa amasu athuthukile okuhlukanisa, amayunithi okuhlukanisa umoya adlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni amagesi ahlanzekile kakhulu abalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi zezimboni kanye nemikhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-22-2024
