Ithangi Lokugcina le-HT(Q)LNG – Isixazululo Sokugcina se-LNG Esisezingeni Eliphezulu
Inzuzo yomkhiqizo
Igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe (i-LNG) isibe umthombo wamandla obalulekile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo zemvelo kanye nokuguquguquka kwayo. Ukuze kube lula ukugcina nokuthuthwa, kwasungulwa amathangi okugcina akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG. Lawa matanki anezici ezihlukile ezenza kube ukukhetha kokuqala kokugcina i-LNG ngobuningi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici eziyinhloko zamathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG kanye nezinzuzo ezilethayo.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zamathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG amandla awo aphezulu okuvikela ukushisa. Lawa matanki aklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa yi-LNG ngenxa yokuhwamuka ngokuhlinzeka ngokuvikela okusebenzayo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokufaka izendlalelo eziningi zokuvikela ukushisa, njenge-perlite noma i-polyurethane foam, okunciphisa ngempumelelo ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Ngakho-ke amathangi agcina i-LNG emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, aqinisekise ukuzinza kwayo futhi anciphise ukulahlekelwa kwamandla.
Esinye isici samatangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG yikhono lawo lokumelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu kwangaphakathi. Lawa matangi enziwe ngezinto eziqinile, njengensimbi engagqwali noma insimbi yekhabhoni yezinga eliphezulu, ezikwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu okwenziwa yi-LNG. Ngaphezu kwalokho, afakwe izinhlelo zokuqapha nokulawula ezithuthukisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathangi asebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lokucindezeleka eliphephile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nobuqotho bethangi, kuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma izingozi ezingaba khona.
Ukwakheka kwamatangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG nakho kubheka imiphumela yezici zangaphandle, njengezigameko zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Amatangi aklanyelwe ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba nezinye izinhlekelele zemvelo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-LNG ihlala iphephile ngisho nasezikhathini ezinzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa matangi afakwe izembozo zokuzivikela eziwavikela ezintweni ezibolayo njengamanzi anosawoti noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukuqina kwawo kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG aklanyelwe ukunikeza ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala okuphumelelayo. Lawa matangi eza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokucushwa futhi angenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zesikhala esitholakalayo kanye nesitoreji. Umklamo omusha wala matangi uwavumela ukuthi agcine inani elikhulu le-LNG endaweni encane, okwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa isikhala esincane. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu izimboni noma izikhungo ezinesikhala esincane kodwa ezidinga inani elikhulu lomthamo wokugcina we-LNG.
Amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG nawo anezici zokuphepha ezinhle kakhulu. Ahlonyiswe ngezinhlelo zokucima umlilo ezithuthukisiwe okuhlanganisa izinzwa zokuthola umlilo kanye nezinhlelo zokucima umlilo we-foam. Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha ziqinisekisa ukugcinwa okusheshayo kanye nokucinywa uma kwenzeka umlilo, okunciphisa ingozi yokuqhuma noma umonakalo omkhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zici, amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG anikeza izinzuzo eziningana eziyisisekelo. Okokuqala, la matangi angagcina i-LNG ngokuthembekile nangokuphephile isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubalulekile ezitshalweni zamandla, ezakhiweni zezimboni noma emikhunjini, okuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuzinzile kwe-LNG ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG kunciphisa kakhulu umthelela wekhabhoni njengoba i-LNG inguphethiloli ohlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amafutha emvelo. Ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-LNG, la matangi anegalelo ekusimeni kwemvelo futhi asiza ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ngamafuphi, amathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG anezici eziyisisekelo ezenza abe ukukhetha kokuqala kokugcina i-LNG. Amakhono awo okushisa aphezulu, ikhono lokubekezelela ukucindezeleka okuphezulu, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zangaphandle, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwesikhala kanye nezici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe kuwenza abe yisisombululo esifanele sezimboni nezindawo ezidinga isitoreji se-LNG esithembekile nesiphephile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamathangi okugcina e-HT(Q)LNG kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni futhi kufake isandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemvelo. Njengoba isidingo se-LNG siqhubeka nokukhula, lawa mathangi azodlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zamandla zomhlaba wonke ngenkathi eqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wemvelo.
Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zomkhiqizo
Igesi Yemvelo Encibilikisiwe (i-LNG) ibilokhu ithandwa njengendlela ehlanzekile nesebenza kahle esikhundleni samafutha endabuko. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwamandla aphezulu kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo, i-LNG ibe negalelo elikhulu ekushintsheni kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele. Ingxenye ebalulekile yochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-LNG amathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG, adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni nasekusabalaliseni i-LNG.
Amathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG aklanyelwe ngqo ukugcina i-LNG emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-162 ngaphansi. Lawa matangi akhiwa kusetshenziswa izinto ezikhethekile kanye namasu okushisa angamelana nezimo ezibandayo kakhulu. Ukugcinwa kwe-LNG kula matangi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo ziyalondolozwa, okwenza ifanelekele ukuthuthwa nokusetshenziswa okulandelayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG kuhlukahlukene futhi kusakazeke kabanzi. Lawa matangi avame ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-LNG ukugcina nokusabalalisa i-LNG kubasebenzisi abahlukahlukene. Abalulekile ekusekeleni izitshalo zamandla ezisebenzisa igesi yemvelo, izinhlelo zokushisa zokuhlala nezebhizinisi, izinqubo zezimboni, kanye nomkhakha wezokuthutha.
Inzuzo eyodwa ebalulekile yamatangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG yikhono lawo lokugcina umthamo omkhulu wegesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe endaweni encane kakhulu. Lawa matanki akhiwe ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi angagcina i-LNG esukela kumamitha ayi-cubic ambalwa kuya kumamitha ayi-cubic ayizinkulungwane eziningana. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kahle futhi kuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqhubekayo kwe-LNG ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo.
Enye inzuzo yamatangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG amazinga awo aphezulu okuphepha. Lawa matangi aklanywe futhi akhiwe ukuze amelane nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kokushisa, imisebenzi yokuzamazama komhlaba, nezinye izici zemvelo. Ahlanganisa izici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe njengezinhlelo zokuvimbela ezimbili, ama-valve okusiza ukucindezela, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola ukuvuza ezithuthukisiwe, okuqinisekisa ukugcinwa nokuphathwa okuphephile kwe-LNG.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG aklanyelwe ukuqina isikhathi eside. Izinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwawo ziyamelana nokugqwala, ziqinisekisa ubuqotho bethangi futhi zivimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma ukuqhekeka. Lokhu kuqina kuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuthembeka kwe-LNG egciniwe.
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-HT(QL)NG yokugcina amathangi iholele nasekuthuthukisweni kwezixazululo ezintsha nezingabizi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha amathangi ezihlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela ngamazinga e-LNG, ingcindezi, kanye nokushisa. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphathwa kahle kwempahla kanye nokwenza ngcono uchungechunge lonke lokuhlinzekwa kwe-LNG.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG anegalelo ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Ngokugcina i-LNG emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, la matanki avimbela ukuhwamuka kwayo kanye nokukhishwa kwe-methane, igesi enamandla ebamba ukushisa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-LNG ihlala iyindlela kaphethiloli ehlanzekile futhi enobungani nemvelo.
Ekuphetheni, amathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kuchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-LNG, okwenza kube lula ukugcinwa nokusatshalaliswa kwe-LNG ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza. Amandla awo okugcina inqwaba ye-LNG, amazinga aphezulu okuphepha, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuwenza abe yingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda ekushintsheni kwamandla. Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla ahlanzekile sikhula, ukubaluleka kwamathangi okugcina e-HT(QL)NG ekusekeleni ukwamukelwa kwe-LNG njengomthombo kaphethiloli akunakuphikiswa.
Ifektri
Indawo Yokuhamba
Indawo yokukhiqiza
| Imininingwane | Ivolumu esebenzayo | Ingcindezi yomklamo | Ingcindezi yokusebenza | Ingcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu evumelekile | Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lensimbi eliklanywe kahle | Uhlobo lwesikebhe | Usayizi wesitsha | Isisindo somkhumbi | Uhlobo lokufakwa kokushisa | Izinga lokuhwamuka eliqinile | Ukuvala i-vacuum | Impilo yesevisi yokuklama | Uhlobo lopende |
| m3 | I-MPa | I-MPa | I-MPa | ℃ | / | mm | Kg | / | %/d(O2） | Pa | Y | / | |
| I-HT(Q)10/10 | 10.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.087 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2166*2450*6200 | (4640) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.220 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)10/16 | 10.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.695 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2166*2450*6200 | (5250) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.220 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)15/10 | 15.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.095 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2166*2450*7450 | (5925) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.175 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)15/16 | 15.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.642 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2166*2450*7450 | (6750) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.175 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)20/10 | 20.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.047 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2516*2800*7800 | (7125) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.153 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)20/16 | 20.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.636 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2516*2800*7800 | (8200) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.153 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)30/10 | 30.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.097 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ2516*2800*10800 | (9630) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.133 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)30/16 | 30.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.729 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ2516*2800*10800 | (10930) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.133 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)40/10 | 40.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.099 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ3020*3300*10000 | (12100) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.115 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)40/16 | 40.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.713 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ3020*3300*10000 | (13710) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.115 | 0.02 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)50/10 | 50.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.019 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ3020*3300*12025 | (15730) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.100 | 0.03 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)50/16 | 50.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.643 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ3020*3300*12025 | (17850) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.100 | 0.03 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)60/10 | 60.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.017 | -196 | Ⅱ | φ3020*3300*14025 | (20260) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.095 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)60/16 | 60.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.621 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ3020*3300*14025 | (31500) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.095 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)100/10 | 100.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.120 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ3320*3600*19500 | (35300) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.070 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)100/16 | 100.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.708 | -196 | Ⅲ | φ3320*3600*19500 | (40065) | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.070 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun |
| I-HT(Q)150/10 | 150.0 | 1.000 | 1.0 | 1.044 | -196 | Ⅲ | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.055 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun | ||
| I-HT(Q)150/16 | 150.0 | 1.600 | 1.6 | 1.629 | -196 | Ⅲ | Ukugoqa okunezingqimba eziningi | 0.055 | 0.05 | 30 | I-Jotun |
Qaphela:
1. Amapharamitha angenhla aklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana namapharamitha e-oxygen, i-nitrogen kanye ne-argon ngesikhathi esisodwa;
2. I-medium ingaba yinoma iyiphi igesi encibilikisiwe, futhi amapharamitha angase angahambisani namanani ethebula;
3. Umthamo/ubukhulu bungaba yinoma yiliphi inani futhi bungenziwa ngezifiso;
4.Q imele ukuqinisa ukucindezeleka, u-C ubhekisela ethangini lokugcina i-carbon dioxide ewuketshezi
5. Imingcele yakamuva ingatholakala enkampanini yethu ngenxa yezibuyekezo zomkhiqizo.
